In Judaism, the common teaching is that non-Jews do not need to follow the entire law given in the Torah to have a relationship with God. Instead, they can live righteously by following the Seven Noahide Laws (basic moral laws such as not worshiping idols, not murdering, establishing justice, etc.).
But Christianity understands the relationship with God in a different way.
1. Christianity teaches that everyone is separated from God by sin
According to the New Testament, the problem is not just following laws.
It teaches that all humans are sinners.
Example:
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Epistle to the Romans 3:23
“For all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God.”
Because of sin, humanity cannot restore the relationship with God by moral effort alone.
2. Christianity teaches reconciliation through Jesus
Christian belief is that God restored the relationship through Jesus Christ.
Example:
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Gospel of John 14:6
“I am the way, the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me.”
Christians interpret this to mean that a full relationship with God comes through faith in Jesus.
3. The Law itself could not fully restore the relationship
The New Testament teaches that even the law given through Moses could not permanently remove sin.
Example:
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Epistle to the Hebrews 10:4
“It is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins.”
Christians believe the sacrifices in the Old Testament pointed forward to the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ.
4. Christianity says salvation is for both Jews and non-Jews
The New Testament teaches that salvation through Jesus is available to everyone.
Example:
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Epistle to the Romans 10:12
“There is no difference between Jew and Gentile—the same Lord is Lord of all.”
So in Christianity:
- Jews are not saved by the Torah alone
- Non-Jews are not saved by moral laws alone
- Everyone needs God’s grace through Jesus
Summary
| Judaism | Christianity |
|---|---|
| Non-Jews can relate to God by following the Noahide laws | Relationship with God comes through faith in Jesus |
| Jews follow the Torah covenant | Salvation is by grace through Christ |
| Righteous non-Jews can be accepted by God | All people need redemption from sin |
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